instructional_design:concept_mapping
Differences
This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.
| Both sides previous revision Previous revision Next revision | Previous revision Next revision Both sides next revision | ||
|
instructional_design:concept_mapping [2011/03/09 16:40] jpetrovic [What is concept mapping?] |
instructional_design:concept_mapping [2011/08/23 15:18] jpetrovic [General] |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Line 3: | Line 3: | ||
| ===== General ===== | ===== General ===== | ||
| - | Concept mapping is a [[learning_paradigms:|cognitivist learning model]] developed by [[http://www.ihmc.us/groups/jnovak/|Joseph Novak]] and his colleagues in 1972 as they worked on understanding how children's knowledge of science changes(([[http://aer.sagepub.com/content/28/1/117.abstract|Novak, J. D., & Musonda, D. A Twelve-Year Longitudinal Study of Science Concept Learning. American Educational Research Journal, 28(1), 117-153. 1991.]])). First concept maps were, however, proposed by some other authors as well((Stewart, J., Van Kirk, J., & Rowell, R. Concept maps: A tool for use in biology teaching. American Biology Teacher, 41(3), 171-175. 1979.)), but concept maps in their fullest form were introduced by Novak in 1981((Novak, J. Applying learning psychology and philosophy to biology teaching. The American Biology Teacher, 43(1), 12 – 20. 1981.)). In Novak's words, concept map is "//a **visual representation of the relationships between concepts** held by an individual, materials of a lecture, textbook, or laboratory exercise//. By concept mapping even old and familiar material, we often | + | Concept mapping is a [[learning_paradigms:|cognitivist learning model]] developed by [[http://www.ihmc.us/groups/jnovak/|Joseph Novak]] and his colleagues in 1972 as they worked on understanding how children's knowledge of science changes(([[http://aer.sagepub.com/content/28/1/117.abstract|Novak, J. D., & Musonda, D. A Twelve-Year Longitudinal Study of Science Concept Learning. American Educational Research Journal, 28(1), 117-153. 1991.]])). Some of the first concept maps were, however, proposed by some other authors as well(([[http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ201881|Stewart, J., Van Kirk, J., & Rowell, R. Concept maps: A tool for use in biology teaching. American Biology Teacher, 41(3), 171-175. 1979.]])), but concept maps in their fullest form were introduced by Novak in 1981(([[http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ239394|Novak, J. Applying learning psychology and philosophy to biology teaching. The American Biology Teacher, 43(1), 12 – 20. 1981.]])). In Novak's words, concept map is a |
| - | recognize new relationships and meaning."(([[http://uwf.edu/jgould/ConceptMappingIntro.pdf|Novak, J. D. Introduction to concept mapping.]])) Novak's works were influenced by [[http://www.davidausubel.org/|David Ausubel]]'s [[learning_theories:assimilation theory]]. | + | |
| + | * "//visual representation of the relationships between concepts held by an individual, materials of a lecture, textbook, or laboratory exercise. By concept mapping even old and familiar material, we often recognize new relationships and meaning.."(([[http://uwf.edu/jgould/ConceptMappingIntro.pdf|Novak, J. D. Introduction to concept mapping.]])) Novak's works were influenced by [[http://www.davidausubel.org/|David Ausubel]]'s [[learning_theories:assimilation theory]]. | ||
| Line 15: | Line 16: | ||
| On the visual level, a concept map is a hierarchical (general to specific) diagram containing nodes and links, both labeled with words or symbols. The most important concept is usually placed in the center of the map or at its top. Novak describes the concept map building process in following steps(([[http://uwf.edu/jgould/ConceptMappingIntro.pdf|Novak, J. D. Introduction to concept mapping.]])): | On the visual level, a concept map is a hierarchical (general to specific) diagram containing nodes and links, both labeled with words or symbols. The most important concept is usually placed in the center of the map or at its top. Novak describes the concept map building process in following steps(([[http://uwf.edu/jgould/ConceptMappingIntro.pdf|Novak, J. D. Introduction to concept mapping.]])): | ||
| - | [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concept_map|{{ :images:conceptmap.jpg?630x450|Concept map on concept maps. Image borrowed from: Wikipedia: Concept map. Click on the picture to follow the link.}}]] | + | {{ :images:concept.jpg|Concept map as introduced by Novak and Gowin. Image borrowed from: Novak, Joseph Donald, & Gowin, D. B. Learning how to learn. Cambridge University Press, 1984.}} |
| - **Identify key concepts of the material** and list them or write them on pieces of paper to make them movable. | - **Identify key concepts of the material** and list them or write them on pieces of paper to make them movable. | ||
| - **Rank the concepts** by placing most general ones at the top of the map with respect to the context of the matherial. | - **Rank the concepts** by placing most general ones at the top of the map with respect to the context of the matherial. | ||
| Line 36: | Line 37: | ||
| Another important property of concept maps is that learning through adding new concept to them is inherently **meaningful learning**, since it establishes clear connections with the existing knowledge. **Rote learning** on the other hand is the result of **lack of established connections** to prior knowledge and forgetting of the learned information in 4-6 weeks(([[http://uwf.edu/jgould/ConceptMappingIntro.pdf|Novak, J. D. Introduction to concept mapping.]])). | Another important property of concept maps is that learning through adding new concept to them is inherently **meaningful learning**, since it establishes clear connections with the existing knowledge. **Rote learning** on the other hand is the result of **lack of established connections** to prior knowledge and forgetting of the learned information in 4-6 weeks(([[http://uwf.edu/jgould/ConceptMappingIntro.pdf|Novak, J. D. Introduction to concept mapping.]])). | ||
| - | [[http://www.mv.helsinki.fi/home/maahlber/POSTERI_Handout_Real_web.htm|{{ :images:new_concept_map.jpg|}}]] | + | [[http://www.mv.helsinki.fi/home/maahlber/POSTERI_Handout_Real_web.htm|{{ :images:new_concept_map.jpg|Improved concept map, as suggested by Ahlberg. Image borrowed from: http://www.mv.helsinki.fi/home/m... Click on the picture to follow the link.}}]] |
| A set of improvements to concept mapping has been suggested by Ahlberg(([[http://cmc.ihmc.us/papers/cmc2004-206.pdf|Ahlberg, M. Varieties of Concept Mapping]])): | A set of improvements to concept mapping has been suggested by Ahlberg(([[http://cmc.ihmc.us/papers/cmc2004-206.pdf|Ahlberg, M. Varieties of Concept Mapping]])): | ||
| Line 50: | Line 51: | ||
| Concept maps were earlier drawn by hand, but today a number of computer applications like the free [[http://cmap.ihmc.us/|IHMC CmapTools]] can be used to enhance this process. | Concept maps were earlier drawn by hand, but today a number of computer applications like the free [[http://cmap.ihmc.us/|IHMC CmapTools]] can be used to enhance this process. | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| ===== Criticisms ===== | ===== Criticisms ===== | ||
| Concept mapping is a very well accepted and widely used method, but it: | Concept mapping is a very well accepted and widely used method, but it: | ||
| - | * was designed mostly to represent declarative and not procedural knowledge or algorithms, | + | * was designed mostly to represent declarative and **not procedural knowledge** or algorithms, |
| - | * is a rather difficult and sometimes time-consuming cognitive task which requires training. | + | * is a rather **difficult** and sometimes **time-consuming cognitive task** which requires training. |
| + | |||
| ===== Keywords and most important names ===== | ===== Keywords and most important names ===== | ||
| * **Concept mapping**, **concept maps**, **concept**, **object**, **meaningful learning** | * **Concept mapping**, **concept maps**, **concept**, **object**, **meaningful learning** | ||
| * [[http://www.ihmc.us/groups/jnovak/|Joseph Novak]] | * [[http://www.ihmc.us/groups/jnovak/|Joseph Novak]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| ===== Bibliography ===== | ===== Bibliography ===== | ||
instructional_design/concept_mapping.txt · Last modified: 2023/06/19 18:03 (external edit)
Except where otherwise noted, content on this wiki is licensed under the following license: CC Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International
