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instructional_design:concept_mapping [2011/03/09 16:56] jpetrovic [What is concept mapping?] |
instructional_design:concept_mapping [2011/08/23 15:20] jpetrovic [General] |
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===== General ===== | ===== General ===== | ||
- | Concept mapping is a [[learning_paradigms:|cognitivist learning model]] developed by [[http://www.ihmc.us/groups/jnovak/|Joseph Novak]] and his colleagues in 1972 as they worked on understanding how children's knowledge of science changes(([[http://aer.sagepub.com/content/28/1/117.abstract|Novak, J. D., & Musonda, D. A Twelve-Year Longitudinal Study of Science Concept Learning. American Educational Research Journal, 28(1), 117-153. 1991.]])). First concept maps were, however, proposed by some other authors as well((Stewart, J., Van Kirk, J., & Rowell, R. Concept maps: A tool for use in biology teaching. American Biology Teacher, 41(3), 171-175. 1979.)), but concept maps in their fullest form were introduced by Novak in 1981((Novak, J. Applying learning psychology and philosophy to biology teaching. The American Biology Teacher, 43(1), 12 – 20. 1981.)). In Novak's words, concept map is "//a **visual representation of the relationships between concepts** held by an individual, materials of a lecture, textbook, or laboratory exercise//. By concept mapping even old and familiar material, we often | + | Concept mapping is a [[learning_paradigms:|cognitivist instructional design model]] developed by [[http://www.ihmc.us/groups/jnovak/|Joseph Novak]] and his colleagues in 1972 as they worked on understanding how children's knowledge of science changes(([[http://aer.sagepub.com/content/28/1/117.abstract|Novak, J. D., & Musonda, D. A Twelve-Year Longitudinal Study of Science Concept Learning. American Educational Research Journal, 28(1), 117-153. 1991.]])). Some of the first concept maps were, however, proposed by some other authors as well(([[http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ201881|Stewart, J., Van Kirk, J., & Rowell, R. Concept maps: A tool for use in biology teaching. American Biology Teacher, 41(3), 171-175. 1979.]])), but concept maps in their fullest form were introduced by Novak in 1981(([[http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ239394|Novak, J. Applying learning psychology and philosophy to biology teaching. The American Biology Teacher, 43(1), 12 – 20. 1981.]])). In Novak's words, concept map is a |
- | recognize new relationships and meaning."(([[http://uwf.edu/jgould/ConceptMappingIntro.pdf|Novak, J. D. Introduction to concept mapping.]])) Novak's works were influenced by [[http://www.davidausubel.org/|David Ausubel]]'s [[learning_theories:assimilation theory]]. | + | |
+ | * "//**visual representation of the relationships between concepts** held by an individual, materials of a lecture, textbook, or laboratory exercise. By concept mapping even old and familiar material, we often recognize new relationships and meaning.//"(([[http://uwf.edu/jgould/ConceptMappingIntro.pdf|Novak, J. D. Introduction to concept mapping.]])) | ||
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+ | Novak's works were influenced by [[http://www.davidausubel.org/|David Ausubel]]'s [[learning_theories:assimilation theory]]. | ||
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Concept maps were earlier drawn by hand, but today a number of computer applications like the free [[http://cmap.ihmc.us/|IHMC CmapTools]] can be used to enhance this process. | Concept maps were earlier drawn by hand, but today a number of computer applications like the free [[http://cmap.ihmc.us/|IHMC CmapTools]] can be used to enhance this process. | ||
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===== Criticisms ===== | ===== Criticisms ===== | ||
Concept mapping is a very well accepted and widely used method, but it: | Concept mapping is a very well accepted and widely used method, but it: | ||
- | * was designed mostly to represent declarative and not procedural knowledge or algorithms, | + | * was designed mostly to represent declarative and **not procedural knowledge** or algorithms, |
- | * is a rather difficult and sometimes time-consuming cognitive task which requires training. | + | * is a rather **difficult** and sometimes **time-consuming cognitive task** which requires training. |
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===== Keywords and most important names ===== | ===== Keywords and most important names ===== | ||
* **Concept mapping**, **concept maps**, **concept**, **object**, **meaningful learning** | * **Concept mapping**, **concept maps**, **concept**, **object**, **meaningful learning** | ||
* [[http://www.ihmc.us/groups/jnovak/|Joseph Novak]] | * [[http://www.ihmc.us/groups/jnovak/|Joseph Novak]] | ||
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===== Bibliography ===== | ===== Bibliography ===== | ||