learning_paradigms:behaviorism
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learning_paradigms:behaviorism [2011/01/26 09:54] admin created |
learning_paradigms:behaviorism [2011/02/18 13:10] jpetrovic [Learning theories:] |
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| ===== About behaviorism ===== | ===== About behaviorism ===== | ||
| - | Some of the oldest learning theories belong to the behaviorism as [[..:learning_paradigms|learning paradigm]] and date back from the beginning of the 20th century. | + | Some of the oldest learning theories belong to the behaviorism as [[..:learning_paradigms:|learning paradigm]] and date back from the beginning of the 20th century. The key component to this paradigm are **stimulus-response** (S-R) events resulting in **observable behaviors** which can be **measured**. |
| Behaviorists view **learning as a visible change in ones behavior**. Behaviorism assumes that the learner starts off as a clear state and simply responds to environmental stimuli. Those responses **can be shaped through positive and negative reinforcement** increasing or decreasing the probability of repeating the same behavior. | Behaviorists view **learning as a visible change in ones behavior**. Behaviorism assumes that the learner starts off as a clear state and simply responds to environmental stimuli. Those responses **can be shaped through positive and negative reinforcement** increasing or decreasing the probability of repeating the same behavior. | ||
| - | The key component to this paradigm are **observable behaviors and their measuring**. | + | Among below listed learning theories within behaviorist framework, connectionism presents an introduction to behaviorist learning and setting its frames. Classical and operand conditioning present true behaviorist learning perspectives, and sign learning finally forms a bridge from behaviorism to cognitivism which has replaced it in the second half of 20th century. |
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| ===== Learning theories: ===== | ===== Learning theories: ===== | ||
| - | * [[learning_theories:Clasicall conditioning]] ([[http://www.ivanpavlov.com/|Ivan Pavlov]]) | + | * [[learning_theories:Connectionism]] - [[http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/thorndike.htm|Edward Thorndike (1874 - 1949)]] |
| - | * [[learning_theories:Operant conditioning]] ([[http://www.bfskinner.org/BFSkinner/AboutSkinner.html|Burrhus Skinner]]) | + | * [[learning_theories:Clasicall Conditioning]] - [[http://www.ivanpavlov.com/|Ivan Pavlov (1849 - 1936)]] |
| - | + | * [[learning_theories:Operant Conditioning]] - [[http://www.bfskinner.org/BFSkinner/AboutSkinner.html|Burrhus Skinner (1904 - 1990)]] | |
| - | + | * [[learning_theories:Sign Learning]] - [[http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/tolman.htm|Edward Tolman (1886 - 1959)]] | |
| - | ===== Other important contributors: ===== | + | * [[learning_theories:Drive Reduction Theory]] - [[http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Clark_L._Hull|Clark Hull (1884 – 1952)]] |
| - | + | * [[Discriminational Learning]] [[http://www.nap.edu/readingroom.php?book=biomems&page=kspence.html|Keneth Spence (1907 - 1967)]] | |
| - | * John Watson, Edward Thorndike, Edward Tolman | + | * [[learning_theories:Contiguity Theory]] ([[http://www.a2zpsychology.com/great_psychologists/edwin_r_guthrie.htm|Edwin Guthrie (1886 - 1959)]] |
| + | * [[learning_theories:Stimulus Sampling Theory ]] [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Kaye_Estes|William Estes (1919 - )]] | ||
| + | ===== Criticisms ===== | ||
| - | ===== Critic ===== | + | Behaviorism today mostly **lost its influence** and let **cognitivism take its place** as the dominant paradigm. Critics of behaviorist learning usually argue that behaviorism: |
| - | Behaviorism today mostly **lost its influence** and let **cognitivism take its place** as the dominant paradigm. Critics of behaviorist learning usually argue that behaviorism **does not explain all kinds o learning** since it ignores inner mind activities. Behaviorism also neglects the fact that behavior also depends on learners inner subjective representation of environment and learning history. | + | * **does not explain all kinds o learning** since it ignores inner mind activities, |
| + | * offers a very limited view on learning since it **ignores internal factors** such as emotions or motivation, | ||
| + | * ignores fact that learning depends on learner's **inner** subjective **representation of environment and learning history**. | ||
| ===== Bibliography ===== | ===== Bibliography ===== | ||
| - | [[http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/behaviorism/|Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy: Behaviorism]] | + | [[http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/behaviorism/|Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy: Behaviorism.]] |
| [[http://psychology.about.com/od/behavioralpsychology/a/classcond.htm|Classical Conditioning - Introduction to Classical Conditioning.]] | [[http://psychology.about.com/od/behavioralpsychology/a/classcond.htm|Classical Conditioning - Introduction to Classical Conditioning.]] | ||
learning_paradigms/behaviorism.txt · Last modified: 2023/06/19 18:03 (external edit)
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