learning_paradigms:behaviorism
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learning_paradigms:behaviorism [2011/03/02 11:37] jpetrovic [Behaviorist learning theories:] |
learning_paradigms:behaviorism [2011/06/28 13:43] jpetrovic [About behaviorism] |
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| ===== About behaviorism ===== | ===== About behaviorism ===== | ||
| - | Although its roots can be tracked way back, first learning theories belong to the behaviorism as [[..:learning_paradigms:|learning paradigm]] date back from the 1910s. The key component to this paradigm are **stimulus-response** (S-R) associations resulting in **observable behaviors** which can be **measured**. | + | Although its roots can be tracked way back, first learning theories belong to the behaviorism as [[..:learning_paradigms:|learning paradigm]] date from the 1910s. The key component to this paradigm are **stimulus-response** (S-R) associations resulting in **observable behaviors** which can be **measured**. |
| [[http://edtechundergroundrevolution.blogspot.com/2010/09/behaviorism-in-practice.html|{{ :images:behaviorism.jpg?130x140|Behaviorism. Image borrowed from: edtechundergroundrevolution.blogspot.com. Click on the picture to follow the link. }}]] | [[http://edtechundergroundrevolution.blogspot.com/2010/09/behaviorism-in-practice.html|{{ :images:behaviorism.jpg?130x140|Behaviorism. Image borrowed from: edtechundergroundrevolution.blogspot.com. Click on the picture to follow the link. }}]] | ||
| - | Behaviorists view the mind as a "black box" and do not attempt to analyze its thought processes. They approach **learning as a visible change in ones behavior** which, unlike mind processes, can be measured. Behaviorism assumes that the learner starts off as a clear state and simply responds to environmental stimuli. Those responses **can be shaped through positive and negative reinforcement** increasing or decreasing the probability of repeating the same behavior. | + | Behaviorists view the mind as a "black box" and do not attempt to analyze its thought processes. They approach learning as a visible change in ones behavior which, unlike mind processes, can be measured. Behaviorism assumes that the learner starts off as a clear state and simply responds to environmental stimuli. Those responses can be shaped through positive and negative **reinforcement** (usually in form of a reward or a punishment) increasing or decreasing the probability of repeating the same behavior. |
| This learning paradigm can roughly be divided in two phases: **behaviorism (1910-1930)** and **neobehaviorism (1930-1955)**. Neobehaviorism outgrew classical behaviorism by attempts to formalize the laws of behavior (sometimes in forms of mathematical equations) and beliefs that learning can also occur indirectly through observing. Neobehaviorists are sometimes considered a transitional group that shifted dominant learning perspective toward [[learning_paradigms:cognitivism]]. | This learning paradigm can roughly be divided in two phases: **behaviorism (1910-1930)** and **neobehaviorism (1930-1955)**. Neobehaviorism outgrew classical behaviorism by attempts to formalize the laws of behavior (sometimes in forms of mathematical equations) and beliefs that learning can also occur indirectly through observing. Neobehaviorists are sometimes considered a transitional group that shifted dominant learning perspective toward [[learning_paradigms:cognitivism]]. | ||
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| * [[learning_theories:Clasicall Conditioning]] - [[http://www.ivanpavlov.com/|Ivan Pavlov (1849 - 1936)]] | * [[learning_theories:Clasicall Conditioning]] - [[http://www.ivanpavlov.com/|Ivan Pavlov (1849 - 1936)]] | ||
| * [[learning_theories:Contiguity Theory and One Trial Learning]] [[http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/guthrie.htm|Edwin Guthrie (1886 - 1959)]] | * [[learning_theories:Contiguity Theory and One Trial Learning]] [[http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/guthrie.htm|Edwin Guthrie (1886 - 1959)]] | ||
| + | * [[learning_theories:Sign Learning]] - [[http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/tolman.htm|Edward Tolman (1886 - 1959)]] | ||
| + | * [[learning_theories:Drive Reduction Theory]] - [[http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Clark_L._Hull|Clark Hull (1884 – 1952)]] | ||
| * [[learning_theories:Operant Conditioning]] - [[http://www.bfskinner.org/BFSkinner/AboutSkinner.html|Burrhus Skinner (1904 - 1990)]] | * [[learning_theories:Operant Conditioning]] - [[http://www.bfskinner.org/BFSkinner/AboutSkinner.html|Burrhus Skinner (1904 - 1990)]] | ||
| * [[learning_theories:Stimulus Sampling Theory ]] [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Kaye_Estes|William Estes (1919 - )]] | * [[learning_theories:Stimulus Sampling Theory ]] [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Kaye_Estes|William Estes (1919 - )]] | ||
| - | * [[learning_theories:Sign Learning]] - [[http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/tolman.htm|Edward Tolman (1886 - 1959)]] | ||
| - | * [[learning_theories:Drive Reduction Theory]] - [[http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Clark_L._Hull|Clark Hull (1884 – 1952)]] | ||
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| + | Basic ideas and approximate historical introduction time for each of this theories can be found in this [[learning_paradigms:behaviorism_timeline|chronological overview]]. | ||
| ===== Criticisms ===== | ===== Criticisms ===== | ||
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| ===== Bibliography ===== | ===== Bibliography ===== | ||
| - | [[http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/behaviorism/|Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy: Behaviorism.]] | + | [[http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/behaviorism/|Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy: Behaviorism.]] Retrieved February 26, 2011. |
| - | [[http://psychology.about.com/od/behavioralpsychology/a/classcond.htm|Classical Conditioning - Introduction to Classical Conditioning.]] | + | [[http://psychology.about.com/od/behavioralpsychology/a/classcond.htm|Classical Conditioning - Introduction to Classical Conditioning.]] Retrieved February 26, 2011. |
| ===== Read more ===== | ===== Read more ===== | ||
learning_paradigms/behaviorism.txt · Last modified: 2023/06/19 18:03 (external edit)
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