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learning_paradigms:cognitivism [2011/03/29 14:42] jpetrovic [Human memory system] |
learning_paradigms:cognitivism [2011/06/30 12:13] jpetrovic [About cognitivism] |
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===== About cognitivism ===== | ===== About cognitivism ===== | ||
- | One of the first criticisms of [[learning_paradigms:behaviorism|behaviorist learning]] approach came from [[learning_theories:gestalt_psychology|gestalt psychologists]] during the first decades of the 20th century and was related to behaviorist dependencies exclusively on overt behavior. It was the [[:glossary#gestalt|gestalt]] views on learning that influenced **new approaches** extending beyond behaviorism and set the **basic principles** of what is today known as **[[:glossary#cognition|cognitive]] theories**. In the 1960s behaviorism was as a dominant [[:learning_paradigms|learning paradigm]] replaced by cognitivism. | + | One of the first criticisms of [[learning_paradigms:behaviorism|behaviorist learning]] approach came from [[learning_theories:gestalt_psychology|gestalt psychologists]] during the first decades of the 20th century and was related to behaviorist dependencies exclusively on overt behavior. It was the [[:glossary#gestalt|gestalt]] views on learning that influenced **new approaches** extending beyond behaviorism and setting the **basic principles** of what is today known as **[[:glossary#cognition|cognitive]] theories**. In the 1960s behaviorism was as a dominant [[:learning_paradigms|learning paradigm]] slowly replaced by cognitivism. |
[[:glossary#cognition|Cognitive]] approach to learning, unlike behavioral, | [[:glossary#cognition|Cognitive]] approach to learning, unlike behavioral, | ||
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===== Human memory system ===== | ===== Human memory system ===== | ||
- | **Memory** is often defined as "//an organism's ability to store, retain, and recall information and experiences//"(([[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory|Wikipedia: Memory.]] Retrieved March 21, 2011.)). Since it has a crutial role in acquisition and retention of knowledge, it was the subject of many researches and an essential part of many cognitivist learning theories. | + | **Memory** is often defined as "//an organism's ability to store, retain, and recall information and experiences//"(([[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory|Wikipedia: Memory.]] Retrieved March 21, 2011.)). Since it has a crucial role in acquisition and retention of knowledge, it was the subject of many researches and an essential part of many cognitivist learning theories. |
- | * [[memory_models:Early Models and Measures of Human Memory]] | + | * [[memory_models:A Brief History of Human Memory Systems|A Brief History of Human Memory Systems Research]] |
- | * [[memory_models:Working Memory Models]] | + | * [[memory_models:Human Working Memory]] |
- | * [[memory_models:Long-Term Memory Models]] | + | |
===== Learning theories: ===== | ===== Learning theories: ===== | ||
* [[learning_theories:Gestalt Psychology]] - [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Wertheimer|Max Wertheimer (1880 – 1943)]] | * [[learning_theories:Gestalt Psychology]] - [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Wertheimer|Max Wertheimer (1880 – 1943)]] | ||
- | * [[learning_theories:Stage Theory of Cognitive Development]] - [[http://www.piaget.org/aboutPiaget.html|Jean Piaget (1896 - 1980)]] | ||
* [[learning_theories:Assimilation Theory]] - [[http://www.davidausubel.org/|David Ausubel (1918 - 2008)]] | * [[learning_theories:Assimilation Theory]] - [[http://www.davidausubel.org/|David Ausubel (1918 - 2008)]] | ||
* [[learning_theories:Social Cognitive Learning Theory]] - [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bandura|Albert Bandura (1925 - )]] | * [[learning_theories:Social Cognitive Learning Theory]] - [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Bandura|Albert Bandura (1925 - )]] | ||
- | * [[learning_theories:Conditions of Learning]] - [[http://www.animukerji.com/newfaculty201/gagne_bio.htm|Robert Gagne (1916 - 2002)]] | + | * [[learning_theories:Conditions of Learning]] - [[http://www.ibstpi.org/Products/pdf/appendix_A-C.pdf|Robert Gagné (1916 - 2002)]] |
* [[learning_theories:Schema Theory]] - [[http://www.education.com/reference/article/anderson-richard-chase-1934-/|Richard Anderson (1934 - )]] | * [[learning_theories:Schema Theory]] - [[http://www.education.com/reference/article/anderson-richard-chase-1934-/|Richard Anderson (1934 - )]] | ||
* [[learning_theories:Script Theory]] - [[http://www.rogerschank.com/|Roger Schank]] | * [[learning_theories:Script Theory]] - [[http://www.rogerschank.com/|Roger Schank]] | ||
+ | * [[learning_theories:Dual Coding Theory]] - [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Paivio|Allan Pavio (1925 - )]] | ||
* [[learning_theories:Cognitive Load Theory]] - [[http://education.arts.unsw.edu.au/staff/john-sweller-726.html|John Sweller]] | * [[learning_theories:Cognitive Load Theory]] - [[http://education.arts.unsw.edu.au/staff/john-sweller-726.html|John Sweller]] | ||
* [[learning_theories:Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning]] - [[http://www.psych.ucsb.edu/people/faculty/mayer/index.php|Richard Mayer]] | * [[learning_theories:Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning]] - [[http://www.psych.ucsb.edu/people/faculty/mayer/index.php|Richard Mayer]] | ||
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===== Read more ===== | ===== Read more ===== | ||
- | Leidlmair, Karl. After Cognitivism: A Reassessment of Cognitive Science and Philosophy. Springer, 2009. | + | [[http://www.google.com/books?hl=hr&lr=&id=nbBjFvXL7BMC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=After+Cognitivism:+A+Reassessment+of+Cognitive+Science+and+Philosophy&ots=NfM4_aQlvU&sig=vLk7QZe2VFKLSHf0rsivSfTqoTE#v=onepage&q&f=false|Leidlmair, Karl. After Cognitivism: A Reassessment of Cognitive Science and Philosophy. Springer, 2009.]] |
- | Crane, T. Book review of "The Mind’s Provisions" by Vincent Descombes. European Journal of Philosophy 12, no. 3: p399–406. 2004. | + | [[http://web.mac.com/cranetim/Tims_website/Book_reviews_files/Descombes%20review.pdf|Crane, T. Book review of "The Mind’s Provisions" by Vincent Descombes. European Journal of Philosophy 12, no. 3: p399–406. 2004.]] |