learning_theories:assimilation_theory
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learning_theories:assimilation_theory [2011/05/04 16:17] jpetrovic [What is assimilation theory?] |
learning_theories:assimilation_theory [2011/05/05 09:11] jpetrovic [What is assimilation theory?] |
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| **Knowledge** is in assimilation theory organized hierarchically in a **pyramidal shape** where more **general ideas** and concepts appear **at the top** of the pyramid and get more and **more specific to the bottom** of it. **New knowledge is assimilated** in this hierarchy **by anchoring** to already existing more general concepts. The closer to the top of the pyramid an idea is, the more general it is and the longer is its life time. | **Knowledge** is in assimilation theory organized hierarchically in a **pyramidal shape** where more **general ideas** and concepts appear **at the top** of the pyramid and get more and **more specific to the bottom** of it. **New knowledge is assimilated** in this hierarchy **by anchoring** to already existing more general concepts. The closer to the top of the pyramid an idea is, the more general it is and the longer is its life time. | ||
| - | Ausubel distinguishes between //meaningful// and //rote learning//. **Meaningful learning** is learning that is well **anchored and integrated** in the cognitive structure. It occurs when learner can find meaning in the information. **Rote learning** on the other hand represents knowledge that **remains** unrelated and **unanchored to existing concepts** and is therefore easily forgotten. Meaningful learning won't occur unless the new ideas are presented in a clear way that enables their relating with other ideas, unless the learner already possesses those other ideas he can relate the new ones with and unless the learner actually makes an attempt to do so. If those conditions are satisfied, new ideas will remain anchored in his knowledge and if not, learning will remain rote. | + | Ausubel distinguishes between //meaningful// and //rote learning//. |
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| + | * **Meaningful learning** is learning that is well **anchored and integrated** in the cognitive structure. It occurs when learner can find meaning in the information presented. Meaningful learning won't occur unless the new ideas are presented in a clear way that enables their relating with other ideas, unless the learner already possesses those other ideas he can relate the new ones with and unless the learner actually makes an attempt to do so. If those conditions are satisfied, new ideas will remain anchored in his knowledge and if not, learning will be rote. | ||
| + | * **Rote learning** on the other hand represents knowledge that **remains** unrelated and **unanchored to existing concepts** and is therefore easily forgotten. | ||
| As a result of a successful meaningful learning, the **new idea** will remain **anchored** to a so called **subsumer**. That of course doesn't mean that the learned idea can't be forgotten: this process, referred to as //obliterative subsumption//, happens as more specific idea becomes less and less distinctive from its subsumer until it is finally said to be forgotten. | As a result of a successful meaningful learning, the **new idea** will remain **anchored** to a so called **subsumer**. That of course doesn't mean that the learned idea can't be forgotten: this process, referred to as //obliterative subsumption//, happens as more specific idea becomes less and less distinctive from its subsumer until it is finally said to be forgotten. | ||
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| ===== Criticisms ===== | ===== Criticisms ===== | ||
| - | Critics of Ausubel's theory often reflect the fact that he doesn't describe construction of organizers so different researches provide different results of their efficiency. | + | Critics of Ausubel's theory often reflect the fact that he doesn't describe construction of organizers so different researches provide different results of their efficiency. Ausubel's theory is also in most of its claims quite opposite of [[http://www.psych.nyu.edu/bruner/|Jerome Bruner]]'s [[instructional_design:discovery learning]]. |
learning_theories/assimilation_theory.txt · Last modified: 2023/06/19 18:03 (external edit)
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