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learning_theories:operant_conditioning [2011/08/26 13:36] jpetrovic [What is operant conditioning?] |
learning_theories:operant_conditioning [2013/09/30 17:24] jpetrovic [General] |
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- | Operant conditioning, sometimes also known as //Skinnerian conditioning// or //radical behaviorism// is a [[learning_paradigms:behaviorism|behaviorist]] learning approach similar to [[clasicall_conditioning|classical conditioning]], mostly influenced by early theoretical and experimental works of American psychologist [[http://www.bfskinner.org/BFSkinner/AboutSkinner.html|Burrhus Frederic Skinner]] from the 1950s. Main difference between those two theories is that **classical** conditioning **modifies only reflex reactions** and **operant** conditioning **shapes new behavior**. | + | Operant conditioning, sometimes also known as //Skinnerian conditioning// or //radical behaviorism// is a [[learning_paradigms:behaviorism|behaviorist]] learning approach similar to [[clasicall_conditioning|classical conditioning]], mostly influenced by early theoretical and experimental works of American psychologist [[http://www.bfskinner.org/bfskinner/AboutSkinner.html|Burrhus Frederic Skinner]] from the 1950s. Main difference between those two theories is that **classical** conditioning **modifies only reflex reactions** and **operant** conditioning **shapes new behavior**. |
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In another experiment, two lights (red and green) were introduced into the box and the rat would only get the food if one of them was on. The rat soon learned to discriminate between the lights, and stopped or reduced pressing the lever when the "wrong" light was on. | In another experiment, two lights (red and green) were introduced into the box and the rat would only get the food if one of them was on. The rat soon learned to discriminate between the lights, and stopped or reduced pressing the lever when the "wrong" light was on. | ||
- | Unlike Pavlovian conditioning, where an existing behavior (salivating for food) is shaped by associating it with a new stimulus (sound of a bell), operant conditioning is the **rewarding of an act that approaches a new desired behavior**, but can also be the opposite: **punishing undesirable behavior**. | + | Unlike Pavlovian conditioning, where an existing behavior (salivating for food) is shaped by associating it with a new stimulus (sound of a bell), operant conditioning is the **rewarding of an act that approaches a new desired behavior**, but can also be the opposite: **punishing undesirable behavior** (negative reinforcement).(([[http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/skinner.html|Boeree, George. F. B. Skinner. Personality Theories.]])) |
After accidentally running short on rat food once, Skinner also started observing effects of different **schedules of reinforcement**(([[http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/skinner.html|Boeree, George. F. B. Skinner. Personality Theories.]])): | After accidentally running short on rat food once, Skinner also started observing effects of different **schedules of reinforcement**(([[http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/skinner.html|Boeree, George. F. B. Skinner. Personality Theories.]])): |