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learning_theories:stage_theory_of_cognitive_development [2011/02/04 09:35] jpetrovic |
learning_theories:stage_theory_of_cognitive_development [2011/02/04 10:52] jpetrovic [What is the practical meaning of stage theory of cognitive development?] |
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===== What is the practical meaning of stage theory of cognitive development? ===== | ===== What is the practical meaning of stage theory of cognitive development? ===== | ||
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+ | Implications of Piaget's theory on the learning process address respecting the stage of the cognitive development of a child and adjusting teaching expectations to it. Suggestions for this are the following: | ||
* **Sensorimotor stage** - Teaching an infant in this stage should be orientated on its sensorimotor system. | * **Sensorimotor stage** - Teaching an infant in this stage should be orientated on its sensorimotor system. | ||
* **Preoperational stage** - Children can now actively engage in learning and exploring. | * **Preoperational stage** - Children can now actively engage in learning and exploring. | ||
* **Preoperational stage** - Learning in this stage is facilitated through an opportunity to ask questions and get explanations which allow learner to mentally mentally manipulate information. | * **Preoperational stage** - Learning in this stage is facilitated through an opportunity to ask questions and get explanations which allow learner to mentally mentally manipulate information. | ||
- | * **Formal operations** - Teaching for the adolescent may be wideranging because he'll be able to consider many possibilities from several perspectives. | + | * **Formal operations** - Teaching the adolescent expands in its dimensions as he is able to consider many possibilities from several perspectives. |
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+ | ===== Criticism ===== | ||
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+ | Various criticisms of Piaget's work include: | ||
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+ | * Oversimplification of stages - it has been shown that with help of training program children can learn some concepts even before reaching a particular stage. Piaget's stages are therefore not as distinct as he assumed. | ||
+ | * Overlooking the effects of the students' cultural and social groups - depending on social and cultural environment different aspects of childs development may be more or less valued than by Piaget. | ||
+ | * Unscientific methods - Piaget based his conclusions on observations of a rather small number of children who do not necessarily form a statistically representative sample. | ||
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===== Keywords and most important names ===== | ===== Keywords and most important names ===== | ||
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===== Read more ===== | ===== Read more ===== | ||
+ | Lourenço, O. and Machado, A. In defense of Piaget's theory: A reply to ten common criticisms. 1996. |