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learning_theories:stage_theory_of_cognitive_development [2011/03/21 09:58]
jpetrovic [Bibliography]
learning_theories:stage_theory_of_cognitive_development [2011/04/08 16:49]
jpetrovic [What is stage theory of cognitive development?]
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 ===== General ===== ===== General =====
  
-Stage theory of cognitive development (also known as //​developmental stage theory//) was introduced by Swiss child psychologist [[http://​www.piaget.org/​aboutPiaget.html|Jean Piaget]] in 1950s. This theory describes **cognitive ​development ​in context ​of age**. This is not a learning theory, yet it describes development of thought processes ​which are key to understanding of learning. It should also be used to adapt teaching methods to the current learner'​s development phase.+Stage theory of cognitive development (also known as //​developmental stage theory// or //genetic epistemology//) was introduced by Swiss child psychologist [[http://​www.piaget.org/​aboutPiaget.html|Jean Piaget]] in the 1950s. This theory describes **development of cognitive processes** which are key to understanding of learning.
 ===== What is stage theory of cognitive development?​ ===== ===== What is stage theory of cognitive development?​ =====
  
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   * **Sensorimotor stage** (birth to 2 years): In this stage cognitive system of an infant is limited to **motor reflexes**, but also some more complex procedures built on those reflexes. Infant interacts with the environment and **learns to understand the world**. Learning takes place through **absorbing into the existing schema** and accommodating when schema change is required.((Piaget also uses concepts of schema and schemata, later expanded by Anderson. See: [[learning_theories:​Schema theory]]))   * **Sensorimotor stage** (birth to 2 years): In this stage cognitive system of an infant is limited to **motor reflexes**, but also some more complex procedures built on those reflexes. Infant interacts with the environment and **learns to understand the world**. Learning takes place through **absorbing into the existing schema** and accommodating when schema change is required.((Piaget also uses concepts of schema and schemata, later expanded by Anderson. See: [[learning_theories:​Schema theory]]))
-  * **Preoperational stage** (2 to 6/7 years): Children now **develop language** and **mental imagery skills**, but still cannot conceptualize abstractly and don't have sense of time. A child can now think about events and things that aren't present in the moment of speaking. He can **see the world** only from **his perspective** and assumes other do so as well. Teaching a child in this stage must take into account his not fully understand concepts of time phenomenon. +  * **Preoperational stage** (2 to 7 years): Children now **develop language** and **mental imagery skills**, but still cannot conceptualize abstractly and don't have sense of time. A child can now think about events and things that aren't present in the moment of speaking. He can **see the world** only from **his perspective** and assumes other do so as well. Teaching a child in this stage must take into account his not fully understand concepts of time phenomenon. 
-  * **Concrete operations** (6/7 to 11/12 years): Children in this stage of development are able to analyze more perspectives simultaneously. Much of learning if performed through assimilation. Although they can **understand concrete problems**, according to Piaget they still **cannot analyze abstract problems** and all of their logical consequences.  +  * **Concrete operations** (7 to 11 years): Children in this stage of development are able to analyze more perspectives simultaneously. Much of learning if performed through assimilation. Although they can **understand concrete problems**, according to Piaget they still **cannot analyze abstract problems** and all of their logical consequences.  
-  * **Formal operations** (11/12 to adolescence) : Piaget claims that the **final form of cognition** is reached in this stage. Abstract thinking capabilities in this stage are very similar to ones of adults. individual at this stage is also capable of **hypothetical and deductive reasoning**. This is supposed to be the final stage of cognitive development and although the knowledge base of an individual is still to be expanded, his thinking capabilities are now as strong as they would get.+  * **Formal operations** (11 to adolescence) : Piaget claims that the **final form of cognition** is reached in this stage. Abstract thinking capabilities in this stage are very similar to ones of adults. individual at this stage is also capable of **hypothetical and deductive reasoning**. This is supposed to be the final stage of cognitive development and although the knowledge base of an individual is still to be expanded, his thinking capabilities are now as strong as they would get.
  
  
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 [[http://​penta.ufrgs.br/​edu/​telelab/​3/​piaget%27s.htm|Redes de Computadores e suas aplicações na Educação - Piaget'​s Stage Theory of Development.]] Retrieved March 21, 2011. [[http://​penta.ufrgs.br/​edu/​telelab/​3/​piaget%27s.htm|Redes de Computadores e suas aplicações na Educação - Piaget'​s Stage Theory of Development.]] Retrieved March 21, 2011.
  
-[[http://​honolulu.hawaii.edu/​intranet/​committees/​FacDevCom/​guidebk/​teachtip/​piaget.htm|University of Hawaii - Honululu Community Coledge - PIAGET'​S COGNITIVE STAGES.]]+[[http://​honolulu.hawaii.edu/​intranet/​committees/​FacDevCom/​guidebk/​teachtip/​piaget.htm|University of Hawaii - Honululu Community Coledge - PIAGET'​S COGNITIVE STAGES.]] ​Retrieved March 20, 2011.
  
-[[http://​www.learning-theories.com/​piagets-stage-theory-of-cognitive-development.html|Stage Theory of Cognitive Development (Piaget) at Learning Theories.]]+[[http://​www.learning-theories.com/​piagets-stage-theory-of-cognitive-development.html|Stage Theory of Cognitive Development (Piaget) at Learning Theories.]] ​Retrieved March 21, 2011.
  
-[[http://​ehlt.flinders.edu.au/​education/​DLiT/​2000/​Piaget/​begin.htm|Edwards,​ L., Hopgood, J., Rosenberg, K. and Kymberley Rush. Development,​ Learning and inclusive Teaching: Mental Development and Education.]]+[[http://​ehlt.flinders.edu.au/​education/​DLiT/​2000/​Piaget/​begin.htm|Edwards,​ L., Hopgood, J., Rosenberg, K. and Kymberley Rush. Development,​ Learning and inclusive Teaching: Mental Development and Education.]] ​Retrieved March 21, 2011.
  
-[[http://​projects.coe.uga.edu/​epltt/​index.php?​title=Piaget%27s_Stages|Wood,​ Kay C., Smith, H. and Daurice Grossniklaus. Piaget'​s Stages of Cognitive Development.]]+[[http://​projects.coe.uga.edu/​epltt/​index.php?​title=Piaget%27s_Stages|Wood,​ Kay C., Smith, H. and Daurice Grossniklaus. Piaget'​s Stages of Cognitive Development.]] ​Retrieved March 11, 2011.
 ===== Read more ===== ===== Read more =====
  
learning_theories/stage_theory_of_cognitive_development.txt · Last modified: 2023/06/19 18:03 (external edit)