learning_theories:stage_theory_of_cognitive_development
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learning_theories:stage_theory_of_cognitive_development [2011/04/12 10:04] jpetrovic [What is stage theory of cognitive development?] |
learning_theories:stage_theory_of_cognitive_development [2011/04/12 10:37] jpetrovic [What is stage theory of cognitive development?] |
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| * **Formal-operational period** (11 to adolescence) : Piaget claims that the **final form of cognition** is reached in this stage. Abstract thinking capabilities in this stage are very similar to ones of adults. Individual at this stage is also capable of **hypothetical and deductive** but also **reflective and analytical reasoning skills**. This is supposed to be the final stage of cognitive development and although the knowledge base of an individual is still to be expanded, his thinking capabilities are now as strong as they would get. | * **Formal-operational period** (11 to adolescence) : Piaget claims that the **final form of cognition** is reached in this stage. Abstract thinking capabilities in this stage are very similar to ones of adults. Individual at this stage is also capable of **hypothetical and deductive** but also **reflective and analytical reasoning skills**. This is supposed to be the final stage of cognitive development and although the knowledge base of an individual is still to be expanded, his thinking capabilities are now as strong as they would get. | ||
| - | The importance of the Piaget's stage model are the constrains that stage of cognitive development sets on learning. These constrains mean that what can be learned depends on the current developmental stage. One should be taught to apply developed cognitive structures to new material, but to learn new strategies first the related cognitive structure has to evolve. | + | The importance of the Piaget's stage model are the **constrains** that stage of cognitive development sets **on learning**. These constrains mean that what can be learned depends on the current developmental stage. One should be taught to apply developed cognitive structures to new material, but to learn new strategies first the related cognitive structure has to evolve. |
| + | Piaget was also concerned with the instructional methodology for children where he was a proponent of: | ||
| + | * Naturalism - a belief that **natural learning is always the best learning**. Origins of this idea can be traced back to as far back as [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau|Jean Jacques Rousseau]] and it means that the best learning occurs through **everyday processes** and **spontaneous acquisition** of operations or concepts through normal experience. This idea seemed intuitively it was at the time accepted even without experimental validation. | ||
| + | * Constructivism - Piaget was a constructivist theorist suggesting children **construct** their knowledge through **interaction of their biological predispositions with their experience**. **Active self-discovery** of rules underlying current concepts and outcomes is the key to learning. | ||
| ===== What is the practical meaning of stage theory of cognitive development? ===== | ===== What is the practical meaning of stage theory of cognitive development? ===== | ||
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