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memory_models:a_brief_history_of_human_memory_systems [2011/08/29 14:41] jpetrovic [One or two memory systems?] |
memory_models:a_brief_history_of_human_memory_systems [2013/10/14 09:51] jpetrovic [Early models and measures of memory] |
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* **primary memory**, which lasts for a **few seconds** and holds information **in our consciousness**, and | * **primary memory**, which lasts for a **few seconds** and holds information **in our consciousness**, and | ||
- | *** second memory**, which has **unlimited duration** and can be **brought to consciousness** if desired. | + | *** secondary memory**, which has **unlimited duration** and can be **brought to consciousness** if desired. |
A measure for the **capacity of short-term** (primary) memory was first introduced even a bit earlier, in 1887, by **Joseph Jacobs**, who tested the span of digits his students were able to remember.((Jacobs, J. Experiments in 'prehension'. Mind, 12, 75-79, 1887. Cited by [[http://books.google.com/books?id=fMgm-2NXAXYC|Baddeley, Alan D. Human memory: theory and practice. Psychology Press, 1997.]])) Under the criterion that at least 50% of the digits need to be remembered correctly, subjects he tested mostly remembered **about 7 digits**. What he also noticed is that this result can be improved by grouping the digits (for example in groups of three), or reading aloud. | A measure for the **capacity of short-term** (primary) memory was first introduced even a bit earlier, in 1887, by **Joseph Jacobs**, who tested the span of digits his students were able to remember.((Jacobs, J. Experiments in 'prehension'. Mind, 12, 75-79, 1887. Cited by [[http://books.google.com/books?id=fMgm-2NXAXYC|Baddeley, Alan D. Human memory: theory and practice. Psychology Press, 1997.]])) Under the criterion that at least 50% of the digits need to be remembered correctly, subjects he tested mostly remembered **about 7 digits**. What he also noticed is that this result can be improved by grouping the digits (for example in groups of three), or reading aloud. | ||
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[[http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/86216|Rončević Zubković, Barabara. Ustrojstvo radnog pamćenja i njegova uloga u jezičnom procesiranju. Psihologijske teme 19, no. 1: 1-29. 2010.]] | [[http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/86216|Rončević Zubković, Barabara. Ustrojstvo radnog pamćenja i njegova uloga u jezičnom procesiranju. Psihologijske teme 19, no. 1: 1-29. 2010.]] | ||
- | [[http://penta.ufrgs.br/edu/telelab/1/famous.htm|Famous People and Their Contributions to the Study of Memory]] Retrieved March 16, 2011. | + | [[http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/6/2/77.full|Lechner, Hilde A., Larry R. Squire, and John H. Byrne. 100 Years of Consolidation — Remembering Müller and Pilzecker. Learning & Memory 6, no. 2: 77 -87. March 1, 1999.]] |
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- | [[http://www.ii.metu.edu.tr/~hohenberger/Human_Memory/Lec_Notes_STM.ppt|Hohenberger, A. Short-term memory, STM. Middle East Technical University Informatics Institute. Ppt presentation.]] Retrieved March 17, 2011. | + | |
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- | [[http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/6/2/77.full|Lechner, Hilde A., Larry R. Squire, and John H. Byrne. 100 Years of Consolidation— Remembering Müller and Pilzecker. Learning & Memory 6, no. 2: 77 -87. March 1, 1999.]] | + |