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--- hr:memory_models:a_brief_history_of_human_memory_systems [2015/05/12 11:51]
jpetrovic [Jedan ili dva sustava pamćenja?]
+++ hr:memory_models:a_brief_history_of_human_memory_systems [2023/06/19 16:03] (trenutno)
@@ Redak 15: / Redak 15: @@
 ===== Jedan ili dva sustava pamćenja? =====
-Drugi problem o kojem se raspravljalo tijekom 1960-ih godina je da li se ljudsko pamćenje sastoji od jedne ili dvije komponente. Neki znanstvenici poput [[http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/melton-arthur.pdf|Arthura Meltona]](([[http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=AD0422425&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf|Melton, Arthur W. Implication of short-term memory for a general theory of memory, Lipanj 1963.]])) tvrdili su da su i kratkoročno pamćenje (STM) i dugoročno pamćenje (LTM) samo dvije podkomponente ovisne o istom sustavu. Svoja razmišljanja Melton je opravdao dokazima o aktivaciji dugoročnog pamćenja u eksperimentima kratkoročnog pamćenja. Iako su njegovi radovi bili jako utjecajni, tijekom godina se</font>    nakupilo sve više dokaza koji su govorili u prilog postojanja barem dva odvojena sustava pamćenja.
+[[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory|{{  :images:multistore_model.png?nolink&}}]] Drugi problem o kojem se raspravljalo tijekom 1960-ih godina je da li se ljudsko pamćenje sastoji od jedne ili dvije komponente. Neki znanstvenici poput [[http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/melton-arthur.pdf|Arthura Meltona]](([[http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=AD0422425&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf|Melton, Arthur W. Implication of short-term memory for a general theory of memory, Lipanj 1963.]])) tvrdili su da su i kratkoročno pamćenje (STM) i dugoročno pamćenje (LTM) samo dvije podkomponente ovisne o istom sustavu. Svoja razmišljanja Melton je opravdao dokazima o aktivaciji dugoročnog pamćenja u eksperimentima kratkoročnog pamćenja. Iako su njegovi radovi bili jako utjecajni, tijekom godina se</font>    nakupilo sve više dokaza koji su govorili u prilog postojanja barem dva odvojena sustava pamćenja.
 Prvi utjecajniji dvokomponentni model pamćenja uveli su, **1968.**, **[[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_C._Atkinson|Richard Atkinson]]** i **[[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Shiffrin|Richard Shiffrni]]**(([[http://www.rca.ucsd.edu/selected_papers/2_Human memory_A proposed system and its control processes.pdf|Atkinson, R.C. & Shiffrin, R.M. Chapter: Human memory: A proposed system and its control processes. In Spence, K.W.; Spence, J.T. The psychology of learning and motivation (Volume 2). New York: Academic Press. pp. 89–195. 1968.]])). Njihov se model sastojao od dugoročnog i radnog ili kratkoročnog pamćenja te je kasnije nadograđen dodatnom komponentom zvanom **//senzorno pamćenje//**. Senzorno pamćenje sadrži sve senzorne modalitete i služi kao kratkotrajna tampon zona prije no što informacija uđe u kratkoročno pamćenje. Kratkoročno pamćenje je privremeno skladište za nove informacije prije njihovog ulaska u dugoročno pamćenje, ali se također koristi i za kognitivne zadatke, razumijevanje i učenje.
@@ Redak 38: / Redak 38: @@
 [[http://www.nakladaslap.com/knjige.aspx?gid=862d049483d346538bc7e23fe41af152|Sternberg, R. J. Kognitivna psihologija (Prijevod trećeg izdanja). Naklada Slap, 2005.]]
-----
-<sup>**[[:memory_models:a_brief_history_of_human_memory_systems#fnt_1|1)]]** </sup>  [[http://books.google.hr/books?id=zp5ODdDGVW0C|Loftus, G. R., and Elizabeth F. Loftus. Human Memory: The Processing of Information. Routledge, 1976.]]
-<sup>**[[:memory_models:a_brief_history_of_human_memory_systems#fnt_2|2)]]** </sup>  Jacobs, J. Experiments in 'prehension'. Mind, 12, 75-79, 1887. Cited by [[http://books.google.com/books?id=fMgm-2NXAXYC|Baddeley, Alan D. Human memory: theory and practice. Psychology Press, 1997.]]
-<sup>**[[:memory_models:a_brief_history_of_human_memory_systems#fnt_3|3)]]** </sup>  [[http://cogprints.org/730/1/miller.html|Miller, G. A. The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review, 63, 81–97. 1956.]]
-<sup>**[[:memory_models:a_brief_history_of_human_memory_systems#fnt_4|4)]]** </sup>  Forgetting of learned information due to newly acquired information.
-<sup>**[[:memory_models:a_brief_history_of_human_memory_systems#fnt_5|5)]]** </sup>  Müller G.E., & Pilzecker A. Experimentelle Beiträge zur Lehre vom Gedächtnis. Z. Psychol. Ergänzungsband 1:1–300. 1900. cited by [[http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/6/2/77.full.pdf|Lechner, Hilde A., Larry R. Squire, and John H. Byrne. 100 Years of Consolidation — Remembering Müller and Pilzecker. Learning & Memory 6, no. 2: 77-87, March 1999.]]
-<sup>**[[:memory_models:a_brief_history_of_human_memory_systems#fnt_6|6)]]** </sup>  [[http://step.psy.cmu.edu/articles/Brown58.doc|Brown, J. Some Tests of the Decay Theory of Immediate Memory. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 10, 12-21. 1958.]]
-<sup>**[[:memory_models:a_brief_history_of_human_memory_systems#fnt_7|7)]]** </sup>  [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14432252|Peterson, L. R., & Peterson, M. J. Short-term retention of individual verbal items. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58, 193-198. 1959.]]
-<sup>**[[:memory_models:a_brief_history_of_human_memory_systems#fnt_8|8)]]** </sup>  [[http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=AD0422425&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf|Melton, Arthur W. Implication of short-term memory for a general theory of memory, October 1963.]]
-<sup>**[[:memory_models:a_brief_history_of_human_memory_systems#fnt_9|9)]]** </sup>  [[http://www.rca.ucsd.edu/selected_papers/2_Human memory_A proposed system and its control processes.pdf|Atkinson, R.C. & Shiffrin, R.M. Chapter: Human memory: A proposed system and its control processes. In Spence, K.W.; Spence, J.T. The psychology of learning and motivation (Volume 2). New York: Academic Press. pp. 89–195. 1968.]]
-<sup>**[[:memory_models:a_brief_history_of_human_memory_systems#fnt_10|10)]]** </sup>  [[http://web.missouri.edu/~cowann/documents/Cowan2008progressinbrainresearchSTMLTM.pdf|Cowan, N. What are the differences between long-term, short-term, and working memory? Progress in brain research 169: 323-338. 2008.]]
-<sup>**[[:memory_models:a_brief_history_of_human_memory_systems#fnt_11|11)]]** </sup>  [[http://www.simplypsychology.org/memory.html|Mcleod, Saul. Memory Psychology. Simply Psychology, 2007.]]
-<sup>**[[:memory_models:a_brief_history_of_human_memory_systems#fnt_12|12)]]** </sup>  See: Milner, B. Amnesia following operation on the temporal lobes. In C.W.M. Whitty & O. L. Zangwill (eds), Amnesia. London: Butterworth, 1966. (damage of LTM without damaging STM), and [[http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00335557043000203|Shallice, T. & Warrington, E.K. Independent functioning of verbal memory stores: a neuropsychological study. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 22, 261–273. 1970.]] (damaged STM with fully functioning LTM), cited by [[http://gen.lib.rus.ec/get?md5=00b2fd0fb59c5de5704bb86e70a6871a|Baddeley, Alan D. The Psychology of Memory. In Michael D. Kopelman, and Barbara A. Wilson. The Handbook of Memory Disorders. 2nd ed. Wiley, 2002.]]

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