learning_theories:cognitive_theory_of_multimedia_learning
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learning_theories:cognitive_theory_of_multimedia_learning [2011/09/13 09:39] jpetrovic [Keywords and most important names] |
learning_theories:cognitive_theory_of_multimedia_learning [2023/06/19 16:03] (current) |
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| - **Dual-channel assumption** - The verbal and visual channels (similar to what Baddeley called //phonological loop system// and //visuospatial sketchpad//(([[http://books.google.hr/books?id=ymJ9o-w_6WEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Mayer,+Richard+E.+Multim%C3%A9dia+learning&hl=hr&ei=XMNrTeSmG43ItAbaprn3DA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false|Mayer, Richard E. Multimédia learning. Cambridge University Press, 2001.]]))) in our working memory are separated and can be used for processing information simultaneously thus enhancing process of learning. The suggestion that human working memory has more sub-components firstly came from the working memory models designed by [[http://www.york.ac.uk/psychology/staff/faculty/ab50/|Alan Baddeley]] and [[http://www.york.ac.uk/res/wml/ghitch.html|Graham Hitch]] in 1974(([[http://dionysus.psych.wisc.edu/Lit/Articles/BaddeleyA1974a.pdf|Baddeley, A. D., Hitch, G. J. Working Memory. In Bower, G.A. The psychology of learning and motivation: advances in research and theory. 8. New York: Academic Press. pp. 47–89. 1974.]])) and reviewed by Baddeley in 1992(([[http://www.sciencemag.org/content/255/5044/556.abstract|Baddeley, A. Working memory. Science (New York, N.Y.) 255, no. 5044: 556-559. January 31, 1992.]])). These findings where further incorporated to the [[learning_theories:Dual coding theory]] by [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Paivio|Allan Paivio]](([[http://www.ebook3000.com/Mental-Representations--A-Dual-Coding-Approach_123738.html|Paivio, A. Mental representations: A dual coding approach. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. 1986.]])) and later by Mayer and his colleagues. | - **Dual-channel assumption** - The verbal and visual channels (similar to what Baddeley called //phonological loop system// and //visuospatial sketchpad//(([[http://books.google.hr/books?id=ymJ9o-w_6WEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Mayer,+Richard+E.+Multim%C3%A9dia+learning&hl=hr&ei=XMNrTeSmG43ItAbaprn3DA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false|Mayer, Richard E. Multimédia learning. Cambridge University Press, 2001.]]))) in our working memory are separated and can be used for processing information simultaneously thus enhancing process of learning. The suggestion that human working memory has more sub-components firstly came from the working memory models designed by [[http://www.york.ac.uk/psychology/staff/faculty/ab50/|Alan Baddeley]] and [[http://www.york.ac.uk/res/wml/ghitch.html|Graham Hitch]] in 1974(([[http://dionysus.psych.wisc.edu/Lit/Articles/BaddeleyA1974a.pdf|Baddeley, A. D., Hitch, G. J. Working Memory. In Bower, G.A. The psychology of learning and motivation: advances in research and theory. 8. New York: Academic Press. pp. 47–89. 1974.]])) and reviewed by Baddeley in 1992(([[http://www.sciencemag.org/content/255/5044/556.abstract|Baddeley, A. Working memory. Science (New York, N.Y.) 255, no. 5044: 556-559. January 31, 1992.]])). These findings where further incorporated to the [[learning_theories:Dual coding theory]] by [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Paivio|Allan Paivio]](([[http://www.ebook3000.com/Mental-Representations--A-Dual-Coding-Approach_123738.html|Paivio, A. Mental representations: A dual coding approach. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. 1986.]])) and later by Mayer and his colleagues. | ||
| - | - **Limited capacity assumption** - As Miller's [[http://tip.psychology.org/miller.html|Information processing theory]] has shown, these channels have limited capacity(([[http://cogprints.org/730/1/miller.html|Miller, G. A. The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychology Review 63: 81-97. 1956.]])) and limited time((Peterson, L. and Peterson, M. Short-term retention of individual verbal items. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58, 193–198. 1959.)) they can hold information. Too much information can therefore cause //cognitive overload//.(([[http://www.elizabethoc.com/9ways/article.pdf|Mayer, Richard, and Roxana Moreno. Nine Ways to Reduce Cognitive Load in Multimedia Learning. Educational Psychologist 38: 43-52, March 2003.]])) | + | - **Limited capacity assumption** - As Miller's [[http://tip.psychology.org/miller.html|Information processing theory]] has shown, these channels have limited capacity(([[http://cogprints.org/730/1/miller.html|Miller, G. A. The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychology Review 63: 81-97. 1956.]])) and limited time((Peterson, L. and Peterson, M. Short-term retention of individual verbal items. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58, 193–198. 1959.)) they can hold information. Too much information can therefore cause //cognitive overload//.(([[http://www.uky.edu/~gmswan3/544/9_ways_to_reduce_CL.pdf|Mayer, Richard, and Roxana Moreno. Nine Ways to Reduce Cognitive Load in Multimedia Learning. Educational Psychologist 38: 43-52, March 2003.]])) |
| - **Active-processing assumption** - Learning is an active process of collecting, organizing and integrating new information(([[http://books.google.hr/books?id=ymJ9o-w_6WEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Mayer,+Richard+E.+Multim%C3%A9dia+learning&hl=hr&ei=XMNrTeSmG43ItAbaprn3DA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false|Mayer, Richard E. Multimédia learning. Cambridge University Press, 2001.]])). Similarities with [[learning_paradigms:constructivism|constructivist learning]] may be noticed in this definition. | - **Active-processing assumption** - Learning is an active process of collecting, organizing and integrating new information(([[http://books.google.hr/books?id=ymJ9o-w_6WEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Mayer,+Richard+E.+Multim%C3%A9dia+learning&hl=hr&ei=XMNrTeSmG43ItAbaprn3DA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false|Mayer, Richard E. Multimédia learning. Cambridge University Press, 2001.]])). Similarities with [[learning_paradigms:constructivism|constructivist learning]] may be noticed in this definition. | ||
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